From need to product: a methodology for completing a land cover map of Canada with Landsat data

نویسندگان

  • J. Cihlar
  • B. Guindon
  • J. Beaubien
  • R. Latifovic
  • D. Peddle
  • M. Wulder
  • R. Fernandes
  • J. Kerr
چکیده

Despite its very large territory and the best Landsat archive in the world, Canada has made very limited use of Landsat data for land cover mapping. The primary difficulty has been the prohibitive cost of information extraction and the earlier (and now overcome for Landsat-7 enhanced thematic mapper plus data) high cost of data purchase. The solution to this remaining obstacle lies in decreasing the cost of Landsat data processing and analysis while ensuring the high quality of the extracted information. In this paper, we present an efficient and effective approach to mapping land cover in Canada from Landsat thematic mapper data (single or multiple satellites). The key features of this approach are an increase in the ratio of computer to human analysis and automation for high data volume or large area processing. However, it is essential that the final product quality not suffer because of the greater reliance on computer processing, thus the algorithm performance becomes critical. We describe the overall approach, discuss key challenges, explain the principles behind key algorithms developed to respond to the challenges, present evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of these algorithms in a boreal landscape setting, and consider implementation issues. With a processing system developed to handle large numbers (tens to hundreds) of Landsat scenes, which incorporates most of the algorithms discussed here, the stage is nearly set for large-scale processing leading to a Landsat-based land cover classification product(s) for Canada. Résumé. En dépit de l’étendue de son territoire et de la disponibilité de la meilleure archive Landsat au monde, le Canada a jusqu’à maintenant très peu fait usage des données Landsat pour les besoins de la cartographie du couvert. La difficulté première provient du coût prohibitif de l’extraction de l’information et des coûts élevés au départ pour l’acquisition des données (problème réglé depuis avec les données Landsat-7 ETM+). La solution à ce problème qui perdure réside dans la diminution des coûts du traitement et de l’analyse des données Landsat tout en assurant la haute qualité de l’information extraite. Dans cet article, nous présentons une approche efficace et rentable pour la cartographie du couvert au Canada à partir des données Landsat TM (uniou multi-satellitaires). Sa caractéristique principale réside dans l’accroissement du rapport ordinateur versus analyse humaine et sur l’automatisation du traitement des données à grand volume – grande superficie. Toutefois, il est essentiel que la qualité du produit final ne souffre pas en raison de la dépendance plus grande sur le traitement par ordinateur; dans ce contexte, la performance de l’algorithme devient critique. Nous décrivons l’approche globale, nous discutons des enjeux fondamentaux, nous expliquons les principes sous-jacents des algorithmes développés pour répondre aux défis posés, nous présentons l’évidence démontrant l’efficacité de ces algorithmes dans le contexte des paysages boréaux et nous considérons les concepts de mise en place. Avec un système de traitement conçu pour traiter des grandes quantités de scènes Landsat (des dizaines à des centaines) incorporant la plupart des algorithmes décrits dans cet article, le scénario est presque en place pour le traitement des données sur une grande échelle menant à un ou des produits de classification du couvert basés sur Landsat pour le Canada. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2002